Dipper construction.



0. L. MoKENZ IE.

. DIPPBR CONSTRUCTION. APPLICATION FILED JUNEB, 1911.

1,009,254, Patented Nov. 21, 1 911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patented NOV. 21, 1911.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

CHARLES L. moKnNzIs; or rrrrssnaemrnnnsnvama.

DIPPER CONSTRUCTION.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed June 8, 1911.

Patented Nov. 21, 31%111. Serial No. 631,982. I

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES L. Mo- KENZIE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and resident of Pittsburgh, county of Allegheny, State ofPennsylvania, haveinvented certain new and useful. Improvements inDipper Construction; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethesame.

This invention relates to dipper excavators, and especially toimprovements in the construction shown in my U. S. Patent No. 967,819,dated August 16, 1910.

The improvements relate primarily to the form and arrangement of thewashers which embrace the cutting teeth at the dipper edge, and it isaimed to protect more ully the reinforcing bar extending transverselybeneath the teeth, or the forward edge of the dipper bottom in case suchbar washer shown in is not employed, or, again, to protect more fullythe front edges of the bar and the dipper bottom as well. Washersconstructed in accordance with this invention are applicable to all theuses indicated in the aforesaid patent, more particularly as regards theuse or omission of the reinforcing bar at the dipper edge.

perhaps even more important object of the present invention is toprovide a construction in which the above mentioned washers are soshaped as to take an active part in cutting into and dipping or scoopingup the material. In other words, the improved washers facilitate to amarked degree the digging of the dipper or scoop into the material,therebyassisting the cutting teeth, and moreover they have the advantageover the washers used in my prior construction that they facilitate theentrance of the dipper into the material at the proper angle and throwthe material in such a direction that it will be scooped up in thedipper. I

Inthe accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a fragmentary perspective viewof a dipper provided with my improvements; Fig. 2 is a verticallongitudinal section through the dipper bottom and its adjunctive parts;Figs. 3', 4 and 5 Figs. 1 and 2; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary front elevationof a dipper are detail views of thehaving washers of modified form;Fig/7 1s a top plan view of the parts shown in Fig. 6; Figs. 8, 9 and 10are details of the modified washer, and Fig. 11 is a detail view showlnghow the individual washers can be combined in a single bar.

Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figs. 1 to 5, A denotes adipper or scoop of any desired shape, having U-shaped holder plates Mapplied to the bottom at the forwerd edge portion thereof, substantiallyas shown in the above mentioned patent. 15 are the teeth inserted insaid'holder plates, as before, and 16 is the common reinforcin barextending across the forward edge 0 'the'dipper bottom, beneath theteeth and their holders. This bar, however, may be omitted, aspreviously intimated. The holder plates 14 preferably extend out beyondthe forward di per edge, as shown, but this is likewise a non-essentialfeature.

The present invention concerns itself especially with the washers whichembrace the forward ends of the cutting teeth, which washers areindicated at 17 in Figs. 1 to 5. In the form shown in these views, eachwasher 17 is of pyramidal shape, having a thin edge or edges 18 disposedtoward the front and sloping backward to a comparatively thick rear edge19. The opening or bore extending through the washer is shaped tocorrespond with the cross section of the corresponding cutting toothwhich the washer embraces. rear portions 19 of the washers are ofsufiicient size to cover fully and thereby efficiently protect theforward edges of the corresponding holder plates 14, with whichfo'rwardedges the rear faces of such washers are in contact or abutment.Moreover, according to this invention the keeper plates are not onlyprotected by the washers in the manner described, but the washers alsoserve to protect the forward face of the reinforcing bar 16 or in casesuch bar is omitted, of the dipper bottom itself. This is effected byforming lateral wings on opposite sides of each washer. In theembodiment shown in Figs. l to 5 these wings cover the portions of thereinforcing bar which are not covered by the main portions or bodies ofthe washers, so that, if the rear portions of the washer bodies areextended The thickened downwardly to such an extent as to be in contactwith the forward edge of the reinforcing bar throughout the width of thelatter, as shown in- Fig. 2, the ent re forward face or edge of such baror equivalent part will be fully covered and protected by the washerelements.

In order to expedite the entrance of the washer 17 .into the material tobe excavated, the forward edges of the wings 20 converge toward. thefront of the washer, as best shown in Fig. 4. In Fig. 3, such sloping orinclined edges are indicated at 21 and 1t Wlll be noted that theydecrease in width toward the front of the washer so as to afford arelatively thin cutting edge where the forward portion of each wingjoins the washer body. This also facilitates to a cons derable degreethe entrance of the dipper into the material. The thickened rearportions of the wing edges 21 merge into or join suitably shaped sidesurfaces 22 of the wings and these surfaces of each washer abutcorresponding surfaces at opposite sides, so that the bar 16 is entirelycovered, as previously mentioned. With this construction, it will benoted that the wings of the several washers form in conjunction asaw-like working edge between the dipper teeth, whereby the digging ofthe dipper into the material is considerably facilitated. The scoopingof the material into the dipper is also made more easy by the upwardinclination of the top surfaces of the wings 20 which are preferablyconnected with the side portions of the washer bodies by curved surfacesof appropriate shape, as shown in Fig. 3. The dipper teeth may be heldin their sockets by friction or otherwise, and the washers are shown asheld on the forward ends of the teeth by friction, although appropriatefastening means may be used if desired. 1

In the construction shown in Figs. 6 to 10, the washers are so shaped asto cut the material even more effectively than the washers previouslydescribed. In this case, the

washer bodies 23 are of the general py-- ramidal shape previouslyindicated, but the wings 24 are .not sloped inward at their front edges.On the other hand, they are provided with front edges 25 directedparallel to the forward edge of the dipper bottom. The wings of adjacentwashers are in abutment at their side faces, as before. By

beveling the wings so that the front edges 25 are comparatively thin incomparison to the rear edges 26, the surface presented by all of thewings in conjunction may be given a knife like shape, so as to outeasily into such materials as hard clay, compressed earth, shale and thelike. In this form of the invention, I prefer to make the bottomsurfaces 27 of the wings substantially flush with the bottom surface ofthe dipper, as

this shape of wing tends to throw thematerial into the dipper instead ofcausing the latter to ride over the material.

In Fig. 11 I have shown washers like those just described combined in asingle element or washer bar, which can be readily slipped over all ofthe cutting teeth at the same time. The only difference over theconstruction shown in Figs. 6 to 10 is that instead of being separatethe individual washers have their wings integrally joined to each other,as shown at. 28. It is obvious that the washers of Figs. 1 to 6maylikewise be joined to form a common bar, and that other washersembodying my improvements may be formed into a single strucr ture toembrace the dipper teeth and protect the forward edge of the dipper. Ofcourse still further modifications of the structure may likewise beadopted without digressing from the invention as defined in the claims.

What I claim is 1. In a dipper construction, a dipper bottom, teethextending forward thereof, and cutting means embracing and extendingbetween the teeth.

, 2. In a dipper construction, a dipper bottom, teeth extending forwardthereof, and means embracing said teeth and extending lengthwise of thedipper edge completely across the spaces between the teeth- 3.. In adipper construction, a dipper bot tom, teeth extending forward thereof,and cutting means embracing the teeth and extending lengthwise of theforward dipper edge across the spaces between the teeth.

4:. In a dipper construction, a dipper bottom, teeth extending forwardthereof, and washers embracing the teeth and shaped to cover the forwarddipper edge between the teeth.

5. In a dipper construction, a dipper bottom, teeth extending forwardthereof, and washers embracing the teeth and shaped to cover the forwarddipper edge between the teeth, said washers increasing in thickness fromfront to rear.

6. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, teethprojecting forward thereof, and washers embracing said teeth and havinglateral projecting portions protecting the forward edge of the dipperbottom.

7. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, teethapplied to the same, and washers embracing the for ward portions of theteeth and having portions completely covering the forward dipper edgebetween the teeth.

8. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, teethapplied thereto, and washers embracing the teeth and having lateralwings protecting the front dipper edge between the teeth.

9. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, teethapplied thereto, and washers embracing the teeth and having lateralwings protecting the front dipper edge between the teeth, said wingsbeing tapered to facilitate cutting into the material being excavated.

10. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, holderplates applied to one surface thereof, teeth extending forwardly out ofsaid holder plates, and substantially pyramidal washers embracing theforward ends of said teeth and having lateral wings lying substantiallyin the plane of the dipper bottom.

11. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, holderplates ap plied to one surface thereof, teeth extending forwardly out ofsaid holder plates, and washers embracing the forward portions of saidteeth and having laterally directed portions lying substantially in theplane of the dipper bottom and extending across the spaces between saidteeth, said portions decreasing in thickness toward their front edges.

12. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, aholder plate applied to one surface thereof, a-tooth extending forwardlyout of said holder plate, a washer embracing the forward portion of saidtooth and covering substantially the whole forward edge of the holderplate, said washer being of substantially p'yramidal form and extendedat its lower portion completely across the forward dipper edge, andWings on said Washer projecting laterally at opposite sides thereof andlying substantially in the plane of the dipper bottom.

13. In a dipper construction, the combination of a dipper bottom, aholder plate applied to one surface thereof, a tooth inserted in saidplate and projecting forwardly thereof, a reinforcing bar extendingunder said tooth at the forward dipper edge, and a substantiallypyramidal washer embracing the forward portion of said tooth, saidwasher having lateral wings, as described, and having its rear surfaceextended completely across and in abutment with the forward face of thereinforcing bar.

14;. As an article of manufacture, a substantially pyramidal dippertooth washer having laterally projecting wings.

15. As an article of manufacture, a substantially pyramidal dipper toothwasher having projecting wings at opposite sides, increasing inthickness from front to rear.

16. As an article of manufacture, a dipper tooth washer having asubstantially pyramidal body with an interior bore, the forward edge ofthe body being thin at one end of the bore and tapering to a thickportion at the rear of the bore, and lateral wings on said body,increasing in thickness from front to rear, as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES L. MCKENZIE.

Witnesses:

PAUL T. FARRELL, JOHN M. TAYLOR.

